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Copyright © Carmel Bird 2002. All rights reserved.

PAPERS FROM BYRON BAY

 

One......CHARACTER

After watching the poignant miniseries of The Lost Prince – where the central character is Prince John, one of the uncles of the present Queen, I went to my bookshelf to look for information on this tragic boy, and I found there a memoir by the Duke of Windsor, one of John’s brothers. John gets but two passing mentions in the text which is a book I bought at a fete. On the flyleaf the price – twenty cents – is written in pencil. But the thing that drew my eye was the handwriting and the name of the original owner. In a fat and fluent uncontrolled almost-copperplate she has written her name in dark blue biro – Valda Goldbloom. I lost interest in poor little Prince John and went off on a search for Valda. In the Melbourne phone book there are two V. Goldblooms. Perhaps one or even both of these are Valdas. And Valda does not have a presence on the world wide web. I checked. Perhaps someone here is her niece or grandson. What’s the connection between Valda and the Duke of Windsor? Where are Valda’s love letters?

  Not that I have any real desire to see Valda or to speak to Valda. Her name, discovered on the yellowing page of an old Pan paperback, is a delicious source of inspiration, a bright invitation to give her a childhood, a romance, a large family of amazing children, a secret lover, a fondness for a particular shade of pistachio, a deadly vice, a winning smile, a garden in the Open Garden scheme, a career in television – well maybe not a career in television – but you see once I have been gripped by the notion of her, she is mine and I can make her. Did I find her or invent her? In a funny kind of way I think I was gifted with her. I feel that she came to me, trailing quite a bit of context and mood. She is somehow mingled with the exquisite nostalgic doom of the miniseries, with the battered old book, with the church fete (how did a Goldbloom book end up on the stall at St Barnabas – how did I end up at St Barnabas for that matter). Mind you Valda has only come as far as the Blue Marquee, but give the woman time, she needs to buy a wardrobe and have her hair done and maybe get a PhD in Business Management. Or a facelift. Not only do I love to feel a character stirring like this, but I also revel in the invention and/or discovery of titles for fiction – such as ‘Valda Goldbloom in the Blue Marquee’. That has a certain appeal. You see, perhaps as I speak Valda is sitting beside you, not knowing which way to look.

  Maybe she breeds cocker spaniels. I chose cocker spaniels because there are many other breeds of dog I can’t confidently spell. Her husband is an orthodontist dedicated to Valda and to the accumulation of wealth. Valda is so depressed that she is contemplating leaping from the top of a tall building. How did Valda get into this mess? Well, I think that is for her creator to discover in the process of her creation. I will have to get on with the process of making Valda up – for that is what she is now – made up. That’s what fiction is – a made up story with its own life. Whatever the inspiration, whatever the ingredients, the final thing is an invention of the writer’s making.

  I sometimes hear students and teachers of writing complain that lectures and workshops and text books purporting to be guides to writing fiction do not actually explain how to create a character. They do not reveal the secret and the rules. Now I suspect that there is something here that can not really be reduced to rules. And if there is a secret, it is like one of those secrets that can only be revealed to the seeker by the seeker. It’s Zen. Like most aspects and elements of writing fiction, there seems to me to be no straight answer to the question of how it is done. It is not exactly technical – it’s – wel, kind of spiritual. If you listen to the many writers speaking at this festival, I think you will find that every now and again one of them will say something that hints at the fact that way back behind the stories there lies a certain attitude or disposition – the writer is a person who constructs fictions, fables, narratives – whatever you call them – and the writer sits at a particular angle to the world, with a particular kind of alertness to the shape and possibilities of people and events and experiences, with a keen eye and ear for the way things work, the way things might work, the way a character and a series of events might intersect and work together and unravel and wind up and so forth. I sometimes think that maybe the fiction writer lives half in reality and half in fantasy, forever playing with the elements of so-called real life and consciously or even unconsciously constructing new narratives – just in the course of everyday life. The writer’s pleasure is then to translate all that into written language for the pleasure of readers. And so as the writer writes, the characters form and develop. The whole process is in a sense on-going – so that when a character emerges in a story, the plot, the character, the mood, the meaning – these are all mixed up together, all part of each other.

  The critics and the reviewers often come at the thing from another angle again. They say – this character is convincing, or flat, or tragic, or hilarious – or whatever. They are not so interested in how any of it came about, as in what the final effect was on them as readers. Which is of course fair enough. But behind all this, behind the reader, the reviewer, the wondering would-be writer – at the back of the fiction is the writer. How did the writer create the character? Found, invented? Well, I think bits of them are found, bits are invented – maybe the point is that the writer is there at the centre of it all, or at the back of it all – with that particular attitude, that state of mind, that readiness and willingness to fabricate the fiction – maybe that is what matters. I really am saying that I don’t think there are rules and formulas for this. All I think you can do is examine what other writers have done with characters in order to nourish your own process of the creation (and finding) of characters in your fiction. 

I think it is so important to realise that the characters are part of the fabric of the fiction. Sometimes writers speak of characters who have arrived all by themselves in the narrative, and have proceeded to take over, leaving the writer wondering and marvelling and following as if from a distance. That does happen, it happens often, and it is truly one of the joys of writing fiction. You think you are writing such and such a story with such and such a set of characters, and then suddenly you find yourself typing something that is said or done by a character you had not thought of, and all at once that character starts to speak and act and change the direction of things. This is part of the glorious magic of writing fiction.

Perhaps the most fun incidence of this in my own case was the appearance of Vanessa the talking cat in my two thrillers – Unholy Writ and Open For Inspection. I certainly never set out with a talking cat in mind. And now the third book in the series will not only be spoken by, but will be written by Vanessa. Another example in my work is the character of Virginia O’Day who wrote all the letters in Dear Writer. Another way of looking at this is to say that there might be a lot of me in Vanessa and Virginia, but because they are their own characters I don’t have to take full responsibility for what they might say or do. So they are very liberating for me.

  Fiction is of course very bound up with the real world, and when characters are created they may have their genesis in who knows what part of reality, but then they take on their own being. Recently I read that Tom Keneally was inspired by a real live journalist called Caroline, and he created a character called Alice . Apparently he said that as soon as she became Alice she ceased to be Caroline, he forgot she had been inspired by Caroline, and she took on a life of her own. Tom made Alice up. Maybe Caroline doesn’t think so. But Tom thinks so. Who is in charge here? Well, that’s another matter for debate.

 

Actually, I sometimes think at this point, of the legal questions of the algebra of a baby’s genetic heritage.

Let X equal a baby
Let A equal a woman
Let B equal a man
Let C equal a woman
Let D equal a man
Let the egg of C and the sperm of D be hatched in the uterus of A to form X
Let X be fed and clothed by B
What is the value of X?

So who owns that story?

  Above my desk hangs this picture of Charles Dickens sitting in his chair surrounded by his characters who float about in the air. Are they the creatures of his dreams? Or are they spirits who have arrived from some unknown world of the imagination, spirits who have decided to visit Dickens for the purpose of becoming flesh as his creations. Or are they fragments of the life, the experience of Dickens, transformed by his heart, by his imagination – these are all such inexact terms – created, in the end by the use of words, by the music of his language.

  I don’t actually think there is any answer to the question posed to the panel – not that that matters of course. I think the creating of characters is a truly mysterious process bound up with the mystery at the heart of storytelling. People love to hear stories. People love to tell stories, and yes, stories are inhabited by characters, but the music that is story is so complex, so thrilling, that it seems to me it does not easily tease out into its parts. Not from the inside, anyway. You can take Wuthering Heights and examine the characters from the outside in all their amazing diversity and drama. But you won’t ever know where Emily got them from, and I doubt that Emily could have told you. They are integral to the thing the writer was doing. They are part of her gift to the reader. And the readers, all the millions of readers of Wuthering Heights make the characters again as they read. So perhaps there is not only the question of where they might come from, but the matter of where they are going.

  My Heathcliff probably is not your Heathcliff. My baby X is not your baby X. As I read I make over the characters again and again, and so do you. And so does Valda Goldbloom. Bless her.  
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Two ..........CRIME

  For ‘crime’ I am going to read ‘murder’ as I take this to be the ultimate transgression, and hence the crime that carries the greatest fascination and dread. I think human beings are probably hard-wired to tell stories and to listen to stories. I think this is a huge part of the way they make meaning from the fabric of their existence – which can appear to be random and chaotic, without direction or connection or purpose. When life is sorted into narrative it becomes perhaps more comprehensible, more vivid, more beautiful, even more possible. Stories, told over and over every which-way give the listeners an inkling of what this whole thing, life, is possibly about, where everything fits in. And when the tale is well told, the listener becomes the teller and becomes also the tale.

 

Stories must of their nature deal with those things that matter to the very stuff of life, they must deal with life and love and death, they must take the listener through the exercises of every journey that the soul makes. And the really hard journey is the one that takes the hero, the character, the human being into the space, or the land, or the void, or the time – or whatever it might be – beyond the life of breathing everyday reality. These are the stories where the large central telling and leading event is death.

 

Stories of love and sex fascinate, but if you want to, you can atually get involved in love and sex, and go on to live another day. But death is the great mystery, and it is the ultimate location of narrative. Of course many great love stories end in death, but I am looking at stories where the death is really the focus of the tale, the broad genre known as crime writing, in particular crime fiction. Stories where the nub of the thing is the murder, the death imposed upon one human being by another human being. And traditionally much of the tension and thrill and interest of the tale come from the gradual revelation of the reasons for the murder, and from the revelation of the identity of perpetrator.

 

The murders of crime fiction and true crime have fascinated me for a long time, as they fascinate so many readers. And all my novels are centrally concerned with murder. However there are only two – Unholy Writ and Open For Inspection – that are formally classified in the genre of crime fiction. This is because these two are very strictly structured around the central murder and have a character single-mindedly devoted to the discovery of the perpetrator. The murders in my other novels are part of the fabric of a wider context of criminal behaviour – for example

The White Garden has the mad psychiatrist raping and accidentally killing his patients while they are under deep sleep. Many elements of this novel resemble elements of crime fiction, but because I have chosen to range more widely, to explore territories far beyond the immediate one of the crime, this novel is not classified as crime fiction. But I would like to read you sections from The White Garden and from Unholy Writ and from Open For Inspsection – the bits where the main bodies are discovered – and you will see that there are similarities.

 

Unholy Writ

The shafts and drives which honeycomb the mountainside are the lost remains of the Long Tunnel mine at Ginnungagap in Victoria . The shafts have flooded since the mine closed in 1914. In its heyday this was  one of the richest mines in Australia , being worked down to a level of 1,000 metres. It yielded thirty tonnes of gold in its time. Crumbling brickwork, squared timbers, and the overgrown face of the mullock heaps above Blackjack Creek are the other relics of  the Long Tunnel. Feral goats, cats, pigs and dogs roam the area which is thick with brambles, and the sounds of gunshots are not unusual.  This ghost town, with its handful of inhabitants, has never had electricity, and is therefore a curiosity. It has been ravaged by fire and floods, and has become a tourist attraction, deep in the wooded hills.

 

On a clear winter afternoon, two boys exploring the historic town, climbed the hillside. The mouths of many of the shafts had been obliterated, choked with blackberries. When the children came upon openings, they would toss down stones and stand still and listen as the stones hit the water below. One place appeared to be an open shaft, but it was stuffed with dead, torn foliage. The boys threw in a rock, it disappeared through the leaves, but there was no sound to tell them it had gone into the water. They threw another rock. It fell on something solid. They peered down between the leaves and small branches that blocked the opening, and what they saw just below ground level was old and mangled meat. It was the remains of Brooke Ferguson, the parts that the animals had left. It explained the awful smell in that area of the bush, and the boys could see that it was human.

 

Brooke had been killed by two shots to the head, then stabbed in the belly twenty-six times with a short-bladed knife. Her hands had been smashed to pieces, her wrists bound to her ankles, and her body pushed into the top of the mine shaft. Her killer hoped that she would just disappear into the mountain, but she had caught on fallen branches within the opening and had snagged, resting just below the surface of the earth. The killer had then covered her, hastily, inadequately, with more broken branches and bracken, screening her from view, incidentally making it difficult for wild animals to get free access. A dentist from Ballarat identified her by her teeth. Seven of her eight little earrings were there, as was her bracelet made from a silver table fork, hammered to fit round her wrist. Tufts of her bright scarlet hair still stuck to her skull. She was three months pregnant.

 

White Garden

The dead woman was Vickie Field. She lay sprawled across the steps to the White Garden for eighteen hours before anybody found her. One hand was at her throat; her hair, clotted with vomit, fell across her face. The man who found her was the director of the clinic, Ambrose Goddard. Every morning ­Ambrose walked the grounds, marking the dew on the grass with his footprints, breathing the scents of the early morning, enjoying the sight of leaves and flowers. He was lord of the empty garden, a garden where few people strolled. It was possible to look on the lawns and flower beds and see nobody, nothing moving. Inside the distant clinic building there was always activity. If one patient was in some kind of coma another was having a fit. The staff was forever stalking the corridors keeping order, following routines, stimulating, suppressing, medicating, washing, cleaning, feeding, disciplining. A particular type of life went on behind the old convent walls. In the garden that morning in 1967 the early light fell on the dewy body of Vickie, on her skin, shiny, transparent, white like wax; on her hair, which was a sinuous black fan that spread across her bloated face and out over the steps. Ambrose could see maggots at her mouth and eyes but no sign of blood or violence.

 

Open For Inspection

A stench. The light from the open doorway illuminates a collection of dusty objects. A rack of old clothes, cupboards and chests of drawers, a TV. An old leather armchair in which is tied the gagged body of the woman who is completely covered in blood. The light blinks on the smooth silver bracelet that circles her dangling left wrist. Around her a cloud of  flies, flies that hover and stick and crawl in a steady buzz of life-in-death. The body in the chair is facing the TV, up close, as if watching intently, yet her head is lowered because of the wound to her throat. Her eyes are wide in horror, terror, death. A seething cluster of flies stirs at her throat; her clothes which have been shredded are the busy merry zig zag pathways for hordes of tiny brown ants.

 

Now you can ask the question – this panel does ask that question – why am I doing this, why am I setting up these narratives around the sudden and violent deaths of beautiful young women.

 

Well, I go back to what I said before about the fascination of dread that draws human beings to such scenarios. They are a source of endless fascination to writers and to readers. Recently the girl next door got married. There was a flurry of white cars in the street, and a joyful crowd of neighbours hanging about to catch a glimpse of the lovely young bride as she set off on her day of days. Here is fascination – beauty, romance, sex, joy, flowers and music – and so on. And we wish her well, and we still think of her, but we don’t obsess about her really. However, the next thing that happened was that a man in a nearby street murdered his wife. Do we obsess? You bet we do. The wedding was a bright key event in the normal course of events, a high point of our weekend. The murder is a surprise revelation of the fragility of the surface of our peaceful existence, it opens up a gap in our narrative, giving us a glimpse of the abyss. It makes the front page of the papers. You have to be Russell Crowe to get your wedding on the front page. Murder though – that brings instant notoriety, a kind of celebrity. Someone has taken the power of life and death over the life of another.

 

I am interested in the how and the why of the things people do. How did he kill her and why did he kill her. What was it about her, and about him, that brought it to this?

 

My next novel – which is more like The White Garden than like Unholy Writ – asks the question of what it is that causes a religious leader to gather his flock in a hall and incinerate them. The title is Cape Grimm . As a novelist I am posing the question for myself and then I am following though with the answers in so far as I can discover them in the writing.

 

I also think that part of the fascination with violent death and the detection and punishment of the killer – witness the immmense popularity of shows such as Law and Order lies in a widespread sense that there is something terribly wrong with the world, and people keep looking and looking in an attempt to try do discover what it is. It can be traced back, in the end, I think, to the questions of what is evil and why is it here and what can be done about it.

 

Perhaps the principal thing that crime fiction does is – it says – well, here is evil, this is what it looks like, this is how it works. And everybody knows, by the way, deep down, that evil is not only out there, but it is in here. And that, I suppose, in the end, is the scary thing.

 

When the tale is well told, the listener becomes the teller – and becomes also the tale.

 

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